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Articles

Production Characteristics of the Mexican Broilers Hatcheries Industry

Pages 264-267 | Published online: 23 Sep 2019
 

SUMMARY

All of the large size hatcheries produce their own hatching eggs and a few supplemented company-produced eggs with contract flocks. About fifty per cent of the medium size hatcheries produced their own hatching eggs while the remaining half utilized contract flocks as their major egg source.

The price of hatching eggs varies depending upon hatchery size. The cost for the large size hatcheries was about $0·23 cheaper than the medium size hatcheries. The egg hatching cost was slightly higher, $0·03, in the large size hatcheries than in the medium size hatcheries.

The large size hatcheries reported to be operating at about 77 per cent of capacity compared to about 70 per cent for the medium size hatcheries, however, when average settings were divided by average incubator capacity, the large size hatcheries only showed 62 per cent use compared to 80 per cent for the medium size hatcheries.

The average percentage hatchability was higher in the large size hatcheries over the medium size hatcheries by 4·3 per cent. Also, the per cent of second class chicks was about one percentage point lower in the large size hatcheries.

The large size hatcheries are operated under a greater variety of business organizations than either of the two smaller groups. In general the larger hatcheries were established earlier than the medium and small hatcheries. The small hatcheries marketed most of their chicks locally (within 100 km) while the two larger sizes of hatcheries exploited more distant markets and frequently utilized national distribution and marketing systems.

The large hatcheries reported 60 per cent as their “break-even” operating capacity which was a somewhat higher percentage when compared to the 50 per cent reported for the medium size hatcheries. Break-even data was not reported by the small size hatcheries.

RESUME

Tous les grands couvoirs produisent leurs propres oeufs à couver et quelques oeufs supplémentaires produits par d'autres firmes avec des troupeaux sous contrat. Environ 50% des couvoirs de taille moyenne produisent leurs propres oeufs à couver, tandis que l'autre moitié utilise des troupeaux sous contrat comme source principale de ces oeufs.

Le prix de revient de l'oeuf à couver pour les grands couvoirs est d'environ 0,23 peso inférieur à celui obtenu par les couvoirs moyens. Le cout de l'éclosion est supérieur de 0,03 peso dans les couvoirs de grande taille. L'utilisation en pourcentage de la capacité d'éclosion est de 62% pour les grands couvoirs et de 80% pour les moyens. Le taux d'éclosion est plus élevé (de 4,3%) et la proportion de poussins de seconde classe est inférieure d'environ 1% pour les premiers.

En général, les plus grands couvoirs se sont installés plus tôt et ont opéré suivant une variété plus grande d'organisations que l'un ou l'autre des deux groupes de plus petite taille. Les petits couvoirs vendent leurs poussins localement (à moins de 100 km de distance) alors que les deux groupes de taille la plus grande exploitent des marchés et des systèmes de commercialisation plus distants. Le seuil de rentabilité pour la capacité est rapporté être de 60% pour les grands couvoirs, de 50% pour les moyens, et n'est pas indiqué pour les petits.

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