Typhoid Ileal Perforation Surgical Experience of 64 Cases

Abstract

Objective: Intestinal complications of typhoid fever are quite common in developing countries. In order to contribute to the improvement of the prognosis of typhoid ileal perforation, the authors report their own surgical experience

Patients and methods: between May 95 and July 98, 64 patients, (31 men and 33 women), with an average age of 34 years (ranging from 5 to 63 years) underwent surgery for typhoid ileal perforation. The surgical techniques used were excision-suture (n = 31) and resection-ileostomy (n = 33). All the patients were operated under similar pre-, per-and postoperative care facilities.

Results: Postoperative complications were observed in 59 patients (88.1%). The mean hospital stay was 30 days (ranging from 8 to 52 days). The overall postoperative mortality was 34% (22/64), mainly due to digestive fistula in 11 cases (8 cases of anastomotic leak after excision-suture, 3 cases of bowel fistula after conservative resection-ileostomy) and to chronic peristomal ulceration in 9 cases, which led to progressive malnutrition, cachexy and death. Conclusion: The mortality and morbidity after surgical treatment of typhoid ileal perforation remains very high in developing countries. However some recommendations could improve the outcome: aggressive resuscitation by intravenous hydratation of 4 to 6 hours, associated with adequate antibiotherapy, the resection of the last 60 centimetres of the ileum, in cases of serious abdominal suppuration, and a large abdominal washout.

Key words:

• Intestinal perforation
• typhoid fever
• ileum
• ileostomy
• peritonitis

Additional information

Notes on contributors

J. Kouame

Dr. J. Kouame Maître-Assistant UFR sciences Médicales, Chirurgien BP v 03 Abidjan Rep. De Côte d’ivoire