Presentation of second primary cancers in young laryngeal carcinoma patients

Abstract

Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is rare in the young.

Objectives: We characterized the clinical behavior of LSCC and assessed the presentation of second primary tumors (SPCs) in this patient population.

Materials and methods: Data from the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR) were used to identify an epidemiological series of LSCC patients diagnosed at the age of 40 years or under, during 1953–2012 in Finland. Data regarding primary treatment, survival, and SPCs were available. To further characterize the comorbidity and lifestyle factors of young patients with LSCC, institutional data were collected of patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital during 1967–2012.

Results: We identified 151 patients, with a mean follow-up of 252 months. The 10-year overall survival (OS) was 75% and the disease-specific survival was 84%. SPCs were diagnosed in 26% (n = 39), with a median delay of 28 years. Of the 35 patients in the institutional series from Helsinki, 22 (63%) were current or former smokers. LSCC recurred in 28% of patients.

Conclusions and Significance: The delay to SPCs in young patients was significantly longer compared with the general LSCC population. As factors underlying this phenomenon cannot be identified by this retrospective study, further studies are warranted.

Chinese abstract

背景：喉鳞状细胞癌（LSCC）在年轻人中罕见。

目的：我们对LSCC的临床特征进行了描述, 并评估了该患者群体中第二原发性肿瘤（SPC）的表现。

材料和方法：利用芬兰癌症登记处（FCR）的资料, 对1953-2012年期间在芬兰诊断为LSCC的40岁或40岁以下的患者的流行病学序列进行鉴定。可获得有关初级治疗、生存率和SPC的资料。为了进一步描述LSCC年轻患者的共病性和生活方式因素, 收集了1967-2012年间在赫尔辛基大学医院接受治疗的患者的医院资料。

结果：我们认定151名患者, 对其平均随访252个月。10年总生存率（OS）为75%, 疾病特定性生存率为84%。SPC诊断率为26%（n=39）, 中位延迟28年。在来自赫尔辛基医院的35名患者中, 22名（63%）是目前或以前的吸烟者。有28%的患者发生LSCC复发。

结论与意义：与普通LSCC人群相比, 年轻患者的SPC延迟时间明显更长。由于这项回顾性研究无法确定这种现象的潜在因素, 因此有必要进行进一步的研究。

Keywords:

• Squamous cell carcinoma
• survival
• laryngeal cancer
• young patients
• risk factors
• second primary cancer
• recurrence

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This research has received financial support from the Cancer Society of Finland, Finnish Medical Foundation, Finnish-Norwegian Medical Foundation, Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Finnish Research Foundation of Otology, the Helsinki University Hospital Research Fund, and the Emil Aaltonen Research Foundation.