The involvement of liquid crystals in multichannel implanted neurostimulators, hearing and ENT infections, and cancers

Abstract

Liquid crystals (LCs) consist of assemblies of molecules, between one and tens of nanometers, grouped in identifiable cohorts according to orientation and structure, which is often lamellar with varying chirality. The term Lo phase designates certain such mesophases. This variety in geometry corresponds to a variety of functions. Some molecules, both organic and inorganic, used in applied engineering, and association with LCs confer new properties. Applying these aspects of LCs in manufacturing implantable material is a growing technology, especially in the interfaces of differentiated multichannel electro-neurostimulation. We highlight the involvement of LCs in the head and neck region, and the role mesophases play in outer hair cell electromotility (mechanotransduction). We summarize implications of LCs this for multichannel electroneurostimulation implant engineering, and highlight their role importance of LCs in early oncogenic process, HPV, and latency in Epstein-Barr and other pathogens. Our approach should help give rise to new therapeutic perspectives. Focusing on upstream nanometric phenomena needs to take on board classic determinism, quantum probability, and statistical complexity.

Chinese abstract

液晶（LCs）是由分子组合而成。它的大小在一到数十纳米之间, 根据其定向和结构分为可识别的类群, 通常呈具有不同手性的层状。术语液相（Lo相）是指某些这样的中间相。这种不同的几何特征对应于不同的功能。应用工程中使用的一些有机和无机分子, 以及与液晶的相关性, 赋予了新的性质。将液晶的这些特性应用于可植入材料的制造是一项正在发展的技术, 尤其是用于分化的多渠道电神经刺激的界面。我们强调了在头颈部液晶的运用, 以及中间相在外毛细胞电动势（机械传导）方面的作用。我们总结了液晶对多通道神经刺激植入工程的作用, 并强调了液晶在早期致癌过程、HPV和潜伏期（Epstein-Barr）和其他病原体中的重要性。我们的方法应该有助于产生新的治疗理念。关注上游纳米现象需要运用经典的决定论、量子概率和统计复杂性。

KEYWORDS:

• Biocolloid
• electrode-array
• HPV
• lipid rafts
• liquid crystal
• sensory mechanotransduction

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.