Characteristics and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss in aged people: a retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Few studies focused on the prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) of aged people.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of ISSHL in aged people.

Material and methods: A total of 278 patients diagnosed of ISSHL in aged people from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariates were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis.

Results: Among the 13 univariates, the patients’ age was younger in the overall recovery group ORG (p = .018), while onset days was shorter in ORG (p = .000). The percentage of DM and HTN comorbidities were higher in ORG (p = .026 and .038). Meanwhile differences were significant in audiogram configurations (p = .037), the degree of hearing loss (p = .033), and types of lipid treatment (p = .020). Then these seven independent risk factors were included in the multivariate analysis, final results indicated that hypertension (p = .028), lipid control groups (p = .009), age (p = .000), and onset days (p = .001) were related to the treatment outcome of ISSHL.

Conclusions: The prognosis of ISSHL in aged patients was closely related to age, the onset days of treatment, and good control of complications such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, so vascular factors were considered as the main causes of morbidity.

背景：很少有研究注重老年人突发性感音神经性耳聋（ISSHL）的预后。

目的：本研究的目的是分析老年人ISSHL的特征、治疗和预后因素。

材料和方法：回顾性分析2014年至2019年间共278名老年人ISSHL患者。通过单变量和多变量逻辑分析来分析单变量。

结果：在13个单变量组中, 整体恢复组ORG患者的年龄较小（p = .018）, 而ORG的发病天数较短（p = .000）。 ORG中DM和HTN合并症的百分比较高（p = .026和.038）。同时, 听力图配置（p = .037）、听力损失程度（p = .033）和脂质治疗类型（p = .020）的差异显著。然后, 将这七个独立的危险因素纳入多变量分析, 最终结果表明高血压（p = .028）、脂质对照组（p = .009）、年龄（p = .000）和发病天数（p =.001）与ISSHL的治疗结果有关。

结论：老年ISSHL患者的预后与年龄、治疗起效天数、高血压和高脂血症等并发症的控制密切相关。因此, 血管因素被认为是发病的主要原因。

Keywords:

• Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
• aged
• prognosis
• hypertension
• diabetes mellitus
• hyperlipidemias

Disclosure statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Shandong Provincial Medical Health Science and Technology Development Programs (2017WS089). The role of this funding includes analysis of the data and writing of the manuscript.