Anthocyanins and Flavones in Leaves and Seeds of Perilla Plant

Abstract

Sixteen kinds of flavonoids including five anthocyanins, two flavones and nine flavone glycosides were found to be present in mature dark-red leaves and seeds of Perilla frutescens var. crispa. In seeds, apigenin and luteolin were present in a ratio of about 1:1. Both flavones and nine flavone glycosides were found in the leaves. In addition, the leaves contained five kinds of anthocyanins including cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside and its esters with cinnamic acid derivatives. Among these flavonoids, the 3-p-coumarylglucoside-5-glucoside of cyanidin (shisonin) and the 7-caffeylglucosides of apigenin and luteolin were the major component in the leaves.