Abstract
Protection of the health and safety of industrial workers requires knowledge of toxicological properties of the multitude of chemicals in use and being developed. The justified use of animals for toxicological experiments should be limited to procedures capable of yielding information applicable to the human hazards. Only tentative reliance should be placed on predictions of human response solely on the basis of animal data. Observations of actual response of humans is the ultimate test of toxicological knowledge, though animal experiments are necessary in proper perspective.