Abstract
With the expansion of certain types of industrialization into agricultural areas, fluorosis in livestock has become an important toxicologic problem in some places in the United States and many other countries. Fluorine has beneficial effects when ingested in small amounts, but toxic and adverse effects when ingested in excessive amounts. Many sources may contribute to the total fluorine intake of animals. Various factors influence biologic responses of livestock to ingested fluorides. Fluorosis can be correctly diagnosed and evaluated by qualified individuals. Some methods and procedures are helpful in alleviating fluorine toxicosis. Several programs may be used for settlements and solutions of fluorosis problems. Standards and a comprehensive guide for use in diagnosing and evaluating fluorosis in livestock have been compiled.