Graphite-Polyurethane Composite Electrode as an Amperometric Flow Detector in the Determination of Atenolol

Abstract

A bare graphite-polyurethane composite was evaluated as an amperometric detector in the flow injection determination of atenolol in pharmaceutical formulations. Using a flow injection analysis (FIA) procedure, a linear analytical curve was observed in the 0.2–3.0 mmol L⁻¹ range with a minimum detectable net concentration limit of detection (LOD = 18.1 µmol L⁻¹ and 90 determinations h⁻¹. Interferences from propranolol and furosemide were observed but not from the other components of the tablet. Thus, it was possible to determine atenolol in tablets without interference and with results that agreed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure with a 95% confidence level in a fast and accurate procedure.

Keywords:

• Atenolol
• FIA
• graphite-PU composite electrode

The authors are indebted to the Brazilian agencies CNPq and CAPES for PC fellowship, and FAPESP for financial support (05/04297-1).

Notes

^a G = generic

^b Result ± deviation standard (n = 3)

^c 1 determination ± deviation standard (n = 2)

E₁: FIAvs. HPLC (FIA-HPLC/HPLC) × 100%

E₂: FIA vs. labeled (FIA- labeled / labeled) × 100%