Enzyme Inhibition Based Biosensors: A Review

Abstract

This article reviews the recent advances in the development of biosensors based on enzyme inhibition. They are an important alternative as compared to conventional analytical techniques due to their high selectivity and sensitivity. Since the most potent inhibitors of enzymes are heavy metals and pesticides, these enzyme inhibition based biosensors have a wide application in the field of environmental safety, food safety, and clinical analysis. Biosensors based on the inhibition of enzymes such as glucose oxidase, urease, tyrosinase, cholinesterase, and some other enzymes are intended to be discussed in this review, concerning the immobilization techniques involved and the sensitivity toward different inhibitors.

Keywords:

• Biosensors
• Heavy metals
• Inhibitors
• Organophosphorus compounds
• Pesticides

Notes

Note: V_max is the maximum velocity of enzyme catalyzed reaction; K_m is the Michaelis Menten constant equivalent to the substrate concentration at which reaction attains half its maximal velocity.