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PRECONCENTRATION TECHNIQUES

Determination of Tetracyclines in Milk by Graphene-Based Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

, , , &
Pages 641-650 | Received 24 Mar 2016, Accepted 24 May 2016, Published online: 20 Mar 2017
 

ABSTRACT

A graphene-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) column was prepared for the isolation of tetracyclines from milk followed by determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. Graphene provided better separation for tetracyclines than amine-modified graphene and carboxyl-modified graphene. The optimized graphene-based SPE column showed high absorption capacities (greater than 4,660 ng) and high recoveries (exceeding 92%) for tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, and doxycycline and was successfully reused at least fifty times. The limits of detection in milk were from 10 to 20 ng/mL, with recoveries between 82.3 and 103.6%. Furthermore, the system showed superior performance than two commercial SPE cartridges with respect to recovery, purification, and reusability. Therefore, this approach is suitable for the determination of tetracyclines in milk.

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