Characterization of Vegetables by Stable Isotopic and Elemental Signatures

ABSTRACT

109 Romanian parsley, celery and parsnip root, cucumber, vegetable marrow, onion, and pepper samples were characterized by their stable isotope ratios and elemental concentrations in comparison to imported varieties. Organic and conventional agriculture practices were also compared as well as a differentiation between eggplant and peppers grown in greenhouses and those in the field. δ²H values were between −70.8 and 5.6‰, while the δ¹⁸O values were between −9.0 and 4.1‰. The δ¹⁵N values for white onions were from 2.8 to 11.1‰. For Romanian organic onions, the carbon isotopic values were lower (−29.2 to −28.2‰) compared to conventional onions from other countries (−27.8‰ to −23.8%). Linear discriminant analysis was used to characterize agricultural practices and the geographic origin of the vegetables.

KEYWORDS:

• Conventional
• inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
• isotope ratio mass spectrometry
• linear discriminant analysis
• organic
• vegetable

Additional information

Funding

The financial support for this work was provided by the Executive Unit for Higher Education, R&D and Innovation Financing, UEFISCDI, PN-II-RU-TE, contract no. 159/2015.