Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Based on a Three-Dimensional Flower-Like Manganese Dioxide–Polyethyleneimine–Palladium Nanocomposite as the Signal Label for Detection of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J

Abstract

A novel sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor was successfully fabricated for the ultrasensitive detection of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J). The immunosensor used a glassy carbon electrode decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), primary antibodies (Ab₁) and bovine serum albumin as the sensor platform. For the signal label, three-dimensional flower-like MnO₂ clusters modified with polyethyleneimine and palladium nanoparticles (MnO₂–PEI–Pd nanocomposite) were used as the novel carrier of Ru(bpy)₃Cl₂ and secondary antibodies (Ab₂). Under optimal conditions, the ECL immunosensor offered a linear relationship between the ECL signal and the logarithm of the ALV-J concentration in the range from 10^1.98 to 10^4.30 TCID₅₀/mL with a detection limit of 10^1.90 TCID₅₀/mL (based upon a signal-to-noise ratio of 3). In addition, the immunosensor showed excellent stability, selectivity and reproducibility, thus offering an effective tool for the quantitative detection of ALV-J in clinical applications.

Keywords:

• avian leukosis viruses
• electrochemiluminescence
• palladium nanoparticles
• three-dimensional flower cluster-like MnO₂

Acknowledgments

The ALV-J and antibodies were kindly provided by the lab of Ziqiang Cheng, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Numbers 21505086 and 41701350) and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2017BB064).