Amino acid requirement of growing pigs depending on amino acid efficiency and level of protein deposition. 2nd communication: threonine

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the variability of the efficiency of threonine in different feed proteins for growing pigs. This information is of importance for actual conclusions about threonine requirement within the exponential N-utilization model (Liebert and Gebhardt, 1986) used in our investigations. Wheat (as basal protein), high-protein soybean meal, low-protein soybean meal, rapeseed meal, field bean (Vicia faba), peas (Pisum sativum), corn gluten meal and soybean protein concentrate were used as protein sources. Fifty-six growing barrows (40 – 65 kg BW) of the genotype Piétrain × (Duroc × Landrace) were randomly allotted to eight N-balance experiments (n = 7). Diets were formulated with two main ingredients (wheat + one feed protein) with threonine as the first limiting amino acid in the mixture which was partly supplemented with crystalline amino acids. Based on N-balance data, the efficiency of threonine was determined in protein mixtures and individual feed proteins. Threonine requirement was calculated depending on efficiency of threonine and level of daily protein deposition. The results from the present studies indicate that the efficiency of threonine in different feed proteins varied in a wide range. Consequently, this factor has to be taken into account for requirement calculations. The threonine requirement depending on daily protein deposition (130, 145 and 160 g) and the efficiency of threonine according to different reference units (g/BW_kg ^−0.67/d, g/d and % of threonine in the diet) were calculated. The threonine requirement of growing barrows (50 kg BW) corresponding to an average threonine efficiency was 8.52, 9.92 and 11.61 g/d for a daily protein deposition of 130, 145 and 160 g, respectively. The results for a daily protein deposition of 145 or 160 g are in agreement with actual studies and recommendations for threonine supply.

Keywords:

• Pigs
• Protein sources
• Protein value
• Limiting amino acids
• Threonine
• Efficiency
• Requirement