Grounded in science or based on hype? an analysis of neuro-associative conditioningtm

Abstract

Although the self-help and personal development genre has experienced phenomenal growth since the 1950s, there is a paucity of research assessing its empirical and conceptual validity. This is a serious issue because both consumers and psychologists are relatively uniformed as to the efficacy of these well-marketed programs. Anthony Robbins is a major contributor to the personal development field. This article draws on established conceptual and empirical research in order to evaluate one of Robbins's key approaches to behavioural change: Neuro-Associative Conditioning TM (NAC). Although many of the techniques used in NAC are derived from prior, established research, it is found that Robbins's claim to empower the individual to take immediate control of his/her mental, emotional, physical, and financial destiny is unjustified, and Robbins's unsubstantiated claims raise serious ethical issues. Further, two of his key techniques, the scramble pattern and future pacing, have as yet little empirical support.