A critical review of the Ralfsiales, Ralfsiaceae and the taxonomic position of Analipus japonicus (Harv.) Wynne (Phaeophyta)

Abstract

A critical examination of the order Ralfsiales (Phaeophyta) is presented. It is concluded that the basis for this order is unsound and its continued use is not warranted. Characteristics of the crustose brown algae are discussed and the use of the family Ralfsiaceae (to include the Lithodermataceae) is advocated. The taxonomic position of the northern Pacific alga Analipus japonicus (Harv.) Wynne is considered and the genus is referred to the monotypic family Heterochordariaceae, Ectocarpales.