Effects of graded levels of Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat and of a detoxifying agent in broiler diets on performance, nutrient digestibility and blood chemical parameters

Abstract

1. A growth experiment was carried out with male broilers from d 1 to d 35 of age in order to evaluate the effects of the addition of a detoxifying agent (Mycofix® Plus, Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) at different dietary proportions of wheat (0, 16·5, 33, 49·5 and 66%) contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins (21·2 mg of deoxynivalenol and 406 µg of zearalenone, ZON, per kg of wheat) on growth performance, nutrient and zearalenone balance and clinical-chemical parameters. 2. An increase in dietary mycotoxin concentration resulted in a linearly related decrease in feed intake, a slight decrease in weight gain and an improvement in feed to gain ratio. 3. Apparent protein digestibility and net protein utilisation were higher in diets containing exclusively Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat than control diets. 4. The proportions of β-zearalenol, α-zearalenol and ZON of total ZON metabolites in excreta of broilers fed on the diets containing the Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat were approximately 3, 21 and 76%. 5. Serum antibody titres to Newcastle disease virus decreased in a linear fashion with increasing mycotoxin concentration in the diets, whereas other clinical-chemical serum parameters (liver cell and muscle cell necrosis indicating enzymes, haemoglobin, haematocrit, magnesium, inorganic phosphate) were not influenced by increasing Fusarium toxin concentrations. 6. Supplementation of the diets with Mycofix® Plus decreased performance in a manner independent of mycotoxin concentration. Moreover, some clinical-chemical serum parameters were significantly altered due to Mycofix® Plus but also independently of the dietary mycotoxin concentration.