Changes in lipoprotein metabolism and body composition in chickens in response to divergent selection for plasma very low density lipoprotein concentration

Abstract

1. Plasma lipoprotein metabolism and body composition in lines of chicken selected for high‐ and low‐plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration were compared to the commercial broiler (meat‐type) line from which they were derived.

2. Selection for low‐plasma VLDL concentration for 10 generations has reduced the rate of VLDL secretion by at least 50% in males whereas selection for high‐VLDL concentration has increased the rate of VLDL secretion over 2‐fold.

3. Body fat content was highly correlated with rate of secretion of plasma triglyceride‐rich (TGR) lipoproteins (r=0.88 over the three lines). However, extrapolation of the data suggests that birds secreting no TGR‐lipoproteins into the plasma would still have substantial amounts of body fat.

4. Selection for high VLDL has increased the proportion of circulating VLDL‐triglyceride taken up by the abdominal fat pad by over 2‐fold but there was no difference between high‐ and low‐VLDL lines in the proportion of VLDL‐triglyceride taken up by tissues and oxidised to [¹⁴C]‐carbon dioxide.

5. The results confirm the importance of plasma lipoprotein metabolism in determining body composition in the chicken but suggest there are limits to further reduction in body fat content by manipulation of plasma lipoprotein metabolism.