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Caryologia
International Journal of Cytology, Cytosystematics and Cytogenetics
Volume 22, 1969 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Karyotype Analysis in Triticum: I — Analysis of Triticum Turgidum (L.) Thell. and Some Related Tetraploid Wheats

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Pages 249-259 | Received 08 Mar 1969, Published online: 30 Jan 2014
 

SUMMARY

The karyotypes of 8 taxa of tetraploid wheats of different geographic origin and morphological traits: T. durum Desf. cvs. « Cappelli » and « Aziziah », T. dicoccoides (Körn.) Schweinf., T. dicoccum Schübl. cv. « Khapli », T. aethiopicum Jakubz., T. carthlicum Nevski, T. turgidum L. var. plinianum and T. ispahanicum Heslot, all belonging to the species T. turgidum (L.) Thell., have been analyzed.

Idiograms drawn show that all the subspecies, varieties and cultivars analyzed have a fundamentally similar karyotype. According to our classification two satellited, two subterminal, seven submedian and three median chromosomes are present in all examined taxa. About seven chromosomes are rather easily distinguishable by their morphological features. Some differences among karyotypes found are discussed in the light of the used technique and of other cytogenetical data available. Also at this level the strict affinity existing in this group of tetraploid wheats is confirmed, supporting the taxonomical view expressed by MAC KEY. The authors conclude that the large morphological and physiological variability present in both wild and cultivated types should be mainly due to gene differentiation rather than to large chromosomal rearrangements.

RIASSUNTO

I cariotipi di otto frumenti tetraploidi (T. durum cvs. « Cappelli » e « Aziziah », T. dicoccoides, T. dicoccum cv. « Khapli », T. aethiopicum, T. cartblicum. T. turgidum var. plinianum e T. ispahanicum), attualmente riuniti da MAC KEY nella specie Triticum turgidum (L.) Thell., sono stati analizzati e messi a confronto.

Dalla costruzione degli idiogrammi risulta che tutte le linee analizzate presentano un cariotipo fondamentalmente simile. Esso è rappresentato secondo la nostra classificazione da 2 cromosomi con satellite, 2 con centromero subterminale, 7 con centromero submediano e 3 con centromero mediano. Circa la metà di essi può essere identificata con relativa facilità. Il significato di alcune differenze trovate a carico di certi cromosomi viene discusso facendo riferimento alla tecnica usata e alla luce di altri dati citogenetici disponibili. Si conclude confermando, anche a questo livello, la stretta affinità esistente tra questi frumenti tetraploidi e riconducendo la loro variabilità rilevabile a livello macroscopico soprattutto a differenziazione intervenuta a livello genico, anzichè a ristrutturazione cromosomica.

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