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SUMMARY
The karyotypes and male meiosis of nine Hylidae and one Microhylidae are described. Those are: Hylidae — Hyla raniceps (2 n = 24), Phrynohyas venulosa (2 n = 24), Hyla crepitans (2 n=24), Hyla polytaenia (2 n=24), Hyla minuta (2 n=30), Hyla rubicundula (2 n=30), Hyla nana (2 n= 30), Hyla fuscomarginata (2 n=24), Hyla trachytorax (2 n = 24); Microhylidae — Dermatonotus mülleri (2 n=22). Male and female karyotypes are identical. The spermatocytes I of eight species exhibited ring bivalents with terminal chiasmata. Interstitial chiasmata were observed in H. rubicundula and H. nana. No bivalent suggested by its morphology or behavior the presence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes.
A male specimen of H. trachytorax (2 n=24) showed in its gonads mitosis with 24 and with 25 chromosomes and metaphases I both with 12 bivalents and with 12 bivalents and one univalent.
The association between high diploid numbers and numbers of acrocentrics found in Hylidae suggests that the mechanism of centric fusions occurred parallel to evolution in this family.
