A manual colorimetric procedure for measuring ammonium nitrogen in soil and plant Kjeldahl digests

Abstract

The measurement of NH4⁺‐N in soil, and plant digests is one of the greatest needs in laboratories conducting agricultural and environmental research. Many laboratories do not have access to automated equipment for colorimetric analysis of soil and plant digests. The objective of this research was to modify an automated colorimetric analysis procedure for determining NH₄+‐N in soil and plant digests for manual use, and compare the proposed technique with the standard distillation‐titration technique. The modified procedure is based on the color reaction between NH₄ ⁺‐ and a weakly alkaline mixture of Na salicylate and a chlorine source in the presence of Na nitroprusside. Wavelength scans indicated a very well defined peak for determinations at 650 nm. Time scans showed that color development in the manual procedure was rapid, 12 to 40 minutes depending on temperature, and that the color development remained stable for at least 120 minutes. Regression analysis of the results from 18 soil and 20 plant tissue sample determinations by distillation‐titration and the proposed method indicated NH₄ ⁺ ‐N recoveries of 99% or higher. The results obtained using the colorimetric procedure were very similar to the values obtained by distil ling and titrating the digests for both soil and plant samples as indicated by the large coefficients of determination (R² = 0.99).