The effects of hyperbaric air in combination with ethyl alcohol and dextroamphetamine on serial choice-reaction time

Abstract

The effects of ethyl alcohol (1·5 ml/kg body weight) and dextroamphetamine (15 mg) on nitrogen narcosis were investigated in two experiments using a 2-, 3- and 4-choice serial reaction time (RT) task with accuracy held constant. Narcosis was induced with air at 6·4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) and a heliox mixture was used as a control. Heliox at 6·4 ATA did not affect RT. Alcohol alone and air at 6·4 ATA increased the intercept of the Hick-Hyman function whereas amphetamine alone decreased it. The increased intercept with air at 6·4 ATA was exacerbated additively by alcohol and ameliorated antagonistically by amphetamine. The slope of the Hick-Hyman function was unaffected. Frequency distributions were shifted as a whole and their shapes were unaltered. It is concluded that these data are consistent with the slowed processing model which proposes that the effects of narcosis on performance are due to a decrease in arousal in conjunction with secondary changes in task strategy.

Keywords:

• Nitrogen narcosis
• Alcohol
• Dextroamphetamine
• Reaction time