Alkali and mixed alkali effect: spectroscopic properties of Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions doped zinc tungstate boro phosphate glasses

Abstract

Doped with trivalent rare-earth ions (Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺), zinc tungstate borophosphate glasses are reported in this study, along with their structural, elemental, optical properties. Amorphous glass was identified via X-ray diffraction analysis. The elemental evaluation was finished using EDAX. The FTIR spectrum is used to identify ligands. The produced glasses’ optical features were studied using FT-Raman spectral analysis, photoluminescence excitation (PLE), and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. Emission spectra of glasses doped with Eu³⁺ ions reveal the bright red emission at 613 nm (⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂) with an excitation wavelength of 394 nm. (⁷F₀ → ⁵L₆) Green light is emitted at 545 nm (⁵D₄ → ⁷F₅) and 379 nm (⁷F₆ → ⁵G₆) is used for excitation in the emission spectra of glasses doped with Tb³⁺ ions. By analyzing decay curves, we may estimate how long Eu³⁺ or Tb³⁺ ions in BPWZL glasses will remain stable. The energy level diagram explains the emission procedure that takes place in (Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺) doped zinc tungstate borophosphate glasses.

Keywords:

• Borophosphate glasses
• alkali oxides
• Eu³⁺ ion
• Tb³⁺ ion

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Prof. S. J. Dhoble, Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur who is providing the PL measurements, Dr. Y. P. Venkata Subbaiah, Department of Physics, Yogivemana University, Kadapa for providing the XRD, EDAX facility and Dr. U. Rambabu, C-MET, Hyderabad is providing the FT-Raman spectral measurements and also Prof. B. Deva Prasad Raju, Department of Physics, S.V. University, Tirupati is providing FTIR and Absorption spectral measurements.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.