Orientation of ceramic microstructures by hot-forming methods

Abstract

Micron-sized powders of layered-structure compounds were prepared by solid-state reactions, and ceramic compacts densified by hot-forming methods. Materials included: Bi₂WO₆, Bi₂MoO₆, PbBi₂Nb₂O₉ and Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂; and ceramic micro-structures were oriented by hot-pressing, hot-forging and hot-extrusion methods. Temperatures of 800-1100°C were used, with pressures of 35 MPa. Grain orientation factors of 99% were determined by x-ray diffraction analyses. Anisotropy in electric properties were determined. Data are reported for the microstructure-dependent dielectric properties.