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Original Articles

Technologie de conservation et de stockage du pollen de Bouleau (Betula verrucosa)

Germination in vitro de pollen frais et pollue: action des facteurs environnementaux

Pages 413-420 | Published online: 01 Sep 2009
 

Abstract

Good preservation and storage of birch pollen (Betula verrucosa Ehrh.) is desirable for two reasons; for one it enables a deeper knowledge of the biological state of the pollen and for the other, since birch pollen is a bio-indicator of air quality, its study under optimal conditions (preservation and biological state) at the biological, structural, ionic and immunological level is essential for analysing the effect of atmospheric pollution on the pollen. For this reason this study has involved both pollen collected under natural conditions and pollen from urban sites (in situ). For a period of two and half years we have studied different methods of preservation and different storage temperatures by in vitro germination tests on a 10% sucrose Heslop-Harrison medium using rehydrated pollen. The best preservation is obtained with freeze-drying for half an hour and subsequent storage at 80°C. The in vitro germination test on in situ pollen shows that the germination percentage is a reliable parameter for estimating the impact of atmospheric pollution on pollen because it varies in accordance with the degree of pollution at the urban sites.

La mise au point de la conservation et du stockage du pollen de Bouleau (Betula verrucosa Ehrh.) présente un double intérêt; d'une part elle permet d'approfondir la connaissance de la qualité de l'air, d'acte fort l'étude dans les meilleures conditions possibles au niveau biologique, structural, ionique et immunologique, est indispensable pour analyser l'action de la pollution atmosphérique sur ces pollens. En conséquence ce travail a été mené sur des pollens témoins et sur des pollens récoltés dans des sites urbains in situ. Durant deux ans et demi, nous avons réalisé des tests de germination, sur le milieu Heslop-Harrison (saccharose 10%) et avec des pollens ayant subi une réhydratation, pour analyser la fiabilité de différentes méthodes de conservation et de stockage de — 80°C. Les tests de germination in vitro sur les pollens in situ montrent que le pourcentage de germination est un paramètre fiable pour l'impact de la pollution atmosphérique sur les pollens, en effet ce pourcentage varie en fonction du degré de pollution des sites urbains.

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