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Abstract
We study the harvesting of predators in a predator-prey system as an optimal control problem with the goal of maximizing the long-term average yield. We show that the maximum yield can not be greater than the largest constant-rate harvest for which the system has an equilibrium, provided the controlled system tends to an equilibrium or has a periodic solution. We also give some examples indicating practical strategies using either bang-bang or instantaneous harvests whose yields approach this maximum.