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Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs that are important for gene regulation. This review provides an overview of miRNA biogenesis and mechanism of action. The review focuses on studies relating to the spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression in neurons. Studies have shown that while some miRNA are expressed during neuronal differentiation, others are expressed only in mature neurons or synapses. This review includes reports that associate miRNA dysfunction with neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, the review raises points that may be helpful for researchers in exploring areas that have remained unanswered vis-à-vis the biogenesis and regulatory roles of miRNAs.