Sirtuins, a key regulator of ageing and age-related neurodegenerative diseases

Abstract

Sirtuins are Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD⁺) dependent class ІΙΙ histone deacetylases enzymes (HDACs) present from lower to higher organisms such as bacteria (Sulfolobus solfataricus L. major), yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans), fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), humans (Homo sapiens sapiens), even in plants such as rice (Oryza sativa), thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), vine (Vitis vinifera L.) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Sirtuins play an important role in the regulation of various vital cellular functions during metabolism and ageing. It also plays a neuroprotective role by modulating several biological pathways such as apoptosis, DNA repair, protein aggregation, and inflammatory processes associated with ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we have presented an updated Sirtuins and its role in ageing and age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Further, this review also describes the therapeutic potential of Sirtuins and the use of Sirtuins inhibitor/activator for altering the NDDs disease pathology.

Keywords:

• Sirtuins
• ageing
• human
• neurodegenerative diseases

Acknowledgments

The authors are very much thankful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST)-SERB CBMR/2016/006911, New Delhi for financial support to AKT and The Puri Foundation For Education in India for Infrastructure support at IAR Gandhinagar.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.