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Original Articles

Cognitive Enhancement: An Everyday Event?

Pages 95-105 | Published online: 21 Sep 2010
 

Abstract

The hypothesis presented here has three parts. First, cognitive enhancement is not only possible, but is an everyday reality. Several common substances, including caffeine and sugar, improve the retention of new memories, a form of cognitive enhancement. Second, data from experiments on memory enhancement, taken together with estimates of the information-processing capacity of the human brain, suggest that many individuals may already be functioning cognitively at or very close to the maximum level possible. If this is true then only relatively small enhancing effects would be expected. Third, the existing relatively modest instances of cognitive enhancement may represent what can be expected from this phenomenon. Cet article presente une hypothese qui comprend trois composantes. Premierement, la stimulation cognitive est non seulement possible mais elle constitue une realite quotidienne. Plusieurs substances courantes, y compris la cafeine et le sucre, ameliorent la retention de nouveaux souvenirs et fournissent donc une forme de stimulation cognitive. Deuxiemement, les recherches sur la stimulation de la memoire, ainsi que les estimes de la capacite de traitement de l'information par le cerveau humain, suggerent que plusieurs personnes auraient un fonctionnement cognitif se situant au niveau maximal possible ou pres de ce niveau. Si cela est vrai, on devrait s'attendre a des effets stimulants relativement faibles. Troisiemement, les cas existants de stimulation cognitive montrent des effets relativement modestes et constitueraient le maximum de ce a quoi on peut s'attendre de ce phenomeme.

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