Notes
* The research reported in this paper was supported by a grant from the Council on Research in the Social Sciences of Columbia University. Grateful acknowledgement for assistance in all stages of the study is given to Mr. Paul R. Robbins. Mr. Norman Gorin also assisted in the tabulations and computations, and Mr. Richard H. Bloomer participated in the observations and prepared one of the observation reports. Special credit is due to the principal of the school in which the study was conducted. She took an active interest in the study throughout, helped in making the arrangements for securing the pupil responses and made independent ratings of the effectiveness of the teachers in the school.