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Abstract
A finite-volume model was built upon earlier work with the aim of simulating free surface flows, pressurized flows and their simultaneous occurrence (mixed flows) in single-liquid and two-phase flow conditions (entrapment and release of air pockets). The model presented herein is based on a two-governing equation model. Three main contributions are presented herein, namely (1) the ability of the proposed model to simulate mixed flows without restriction of the flow type in the free surface region (e.g. supercritical flow), (2) extension of our single-phase flow model for simulating the entrapment and release of air pockets and (3) formulation of an approach for handling numerical instabilities that may occur during numerical pressurization of the flow. The model presented herein is robust and simulates any transient-mixed flow condition for realistic pressure wave celerities.
Acknowledgements
This work was conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as part of the studies for the Tunnel and Reservoir Plan Modeling Project in Chicago, IL. The authors thank the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago for their financial support. The authors also gratefully acknowledge Dr Fayi Zhou, Profs. M. Ivetic and Jose Vasconcelos, and Engineer B. Trajkovic for providing their experimental data. Dr Zhou also provided insightful comments and suggestions on the model for air entrapment and air release. The second author wishes to acknowledge the Hong Kong Research Grant Council, Project No. 613407.
