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ABSTRACT
An experimentally study of water level changes at open channel junctions with angles of 30° and 60° for different flow conditions is presented. The experimental results were used to assess the equal water level assumption commonly adopted in confluence studies. The maximum value of the water depth at the confluence was assessed through comparison with the critical depth in the downstream channel. Additionally, the results were used to validate the generalization of a classical model for estimating the water depth in confluences with subcritical flows downstream from the junction, even in cases where one or both upstream channel flows were supercritical. The maximum average deviations between the model predictions and measurements were approximately 6%.
Notation
| = | Froude number (−) | |
| Ny | = | depth ratio (−) |
| Ny* | = | experimental depth ratio (−) |
| Nq | = | discharge ratio (−) |
| Q | = | discharge (m3 s–1) |
| y | = | flow depth (m) |
| θ | = | junction angle (°) |
Subscripts
| cr | = | critical flow |
| max | = | maximum |