Bimanual and Unimanual Convergent Goal-Directed Movement Times

ABSTRACT

Three experiments are reported, investigating the effects of using 1 or 2 hands when making convergent low index of difficulty (ID) and visually controlled movements (2 hands meeting together). The experiments involved movements in four different cases—a probe held in the right hand and moved to a target held in the stationary left hand, vice versa of this arrangement, both hands moving with the probe in the right hand and target in the left hand, and vice-versa of this arrangement. Experiments were the standard Fitts’ paradigm, moving a pin into a hole and a low-ID task. In Fitts’ task, 2-hand movements were faster than 1 hand only at higher IDs; this was also the case in the pin-to-hole transfer task and the movement times were lower when the pin was held in the preferred hand. Movements made with low ID showed a small effect of 1- or 2-handed movements, with the effective amplitude of the movement being reduced by about 20% when 2 hands were used.

Keywords:

• Fitts’ law
• two-hand movement times
• preferred and nonpreferred hands

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank S.O. Lee and K. L. Chan for assistance with data collection. They also thank Digby Elliott and an anonymous reviewer for their very helpful comments.

FUNDING

The work was fully supported by a grant from City University of Hong Kong (SRG7004079).