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Abstract
Detailed descriptions on the prezoeal stage of the following 20 decapod species have been made based on material hatched in the laboratory, and phylogenetic relationships are discussed: Pandalus montagui Leach, Pagurus prideaux Leach, Pagurus bernhardus (Linnaeus), Hyas araneus (Linnaeus), Hyas coarctatus Leach, Inachus dorsettensis (Pennant), Inachus leptochirus Leach, Macropodia tenuirostris (Leach), Orithyia sinica (Linnaeus), Ebalia tuberosa (Pennant), Liocarcinus holsatus (Fabricius), Liocarcinus corrugatus (Pennant), Liocarcinus marmoreus (Leach), Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus), Portunus gladiator Fabricius, Charybdis bimaculata (Miers), Monodaeus couchi (Couch), Cancer pagurus Linnaeus, Carcinoplax longimana (De Haan) and Pinnotheres pinnotheres (Linnaeus).
The prezoea appears to be derived from a larval form resembling a protozoea, rather than a nauplius as has previously been suggested. The most primitive form of prezoea occurs in the carideans and the most developed form in the Majidae. There has been some suppression of prezoeal characters in some Portunidae, Grapsidae and Pinnotheridae.
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