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Abstract
It is now possible to resolve the basic periodicity of the arrangement of atoms or molecules in crystal lattices using the electron microscope. Examples are given of lattices resolved directly (including superlattices), and indirectly (by means of moiré patterns) and of other periodic phenomena associated with crystal lattices (domains in ordered alloys). The basic principles of image formation in periodic objects are considered in terms of simple diffraction theory and some indications given of limiting factors in this type of investigation.