1
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Some Remarks on the Viscometric Behaviour of the Systems Couplers-Gelatin and Couplers-Synthetic Polymers

, , &
Pages 184-192 | Received 06 Mar 1976, Published online: 22 Jul 2016
 

Abstract

Some aspects of the mechanism of the interactions between nondiffusing couplers and gelatin or hydrophilic synthetic polymers were investigated by viscometry, studying (a) the role played by the polymer; (b) the effect of the solvent; (c) the influence of operative factors.

The interactions between the polymers and the couplers examined depended on the type, molecular size and structure of the polymer and on the chemical structure of the coupler. In most cases a threshold polymer concentration was found, above which the interactions began to be evident.

Polar surface active solvents seem to interact with the coupler aliphatic side chain, hindering the coiling up of the polymer- coupler aggregates, while pre-warming of the samples hinders the building up of intermolecular aggregates.

An ageing effect of the polymer-coupler solutions was detected, which probably means that the aggregates undergo some structural and configurational changes during the storage time.

Resume

Certains aspects du mécanisme des interactions entre les copulants non diffusibles ct la gélatine ou antics polymères hydrophiles ont été examinés suivant une méthode viscosimétrique, en étudiant (a) le rôle du polymèire; (b) l’elfct du solvant; (c) I'influence de certains facteurs opératifs.

L’interaction entre les polymères et les copulants étudés dépend soit du type et du poids moléculaire du polymire, soil du type du copulant. Dans plusieurs cason a trouvi une concentration-seuil de polymire, au-dessus de laquelleles interactions commencent à être observies.

On suppose que les solvants polaires, possédant une action tensio-active, interagissent avee les chaines aliphatiques des copulants en empêchant que les agrigats polymère-copulant prennent une forme compacte, tandis que le pri-chaulfage des solutions empêche la formation des agrégats intermoléculaires.

On a trouvé aussi un elfet de vieillissement des systèmes étudiés, qui pent être expliqui par des variations de structure et de configuration survenues pendant le temps de conservation.

Zusammenfassung

Einige Einzelheiten vom Mechanismus der Wechselwirkungen zwischen diffusionsfesten Farbkupplern und Gelatine oder hydrophilen synthetischen Polymeren wurden mittels Viskositälsmessungen untersucht. Es wurden die Rolle des Polymers und des Lösungsmittels, sowie der Einfluss der Aufbewahrungsbedingungen in Betracht genommen.

Die Wechselwirkung zwischen den untersuchten Polymeren und den Farbkupplern hängt von der Art und Molekulargewicht des Polymers, sowie von der Art des Kupplers ab. In vielcn Fallen wird eine Schwellekonzentration fur das Polymer beobachtet, tiber welche die Wechselwirkungen ersichtlich werden.

Polare, als Tenside wirkende Losungsmittel scheinen auf die aliphatischen Seitenketten der Farbkuppler einzuwirken, so dass die Ver- knauelung der Polymer-Kuppler-Aggregate verhindert ist; eine gewisse Voraufwlirmung der Losungen hindert dagegen die Bildung der intermolekularen Aggregate.

Lagern hat einen Einfluss iiber das Verhalten der vorliegenden Systeme, wahrscheinlich wegen Struktur- und Gestaltungsänderungen während der Lagerungsperiode.

Riassunto

Sono stati esaminati col metodo viscosimetrico aicuni aspetti del meccanismo delle interazioni fra copulanti antidiffondenti e gelatina o altri polimeri idrofdi, studiando (a) il ruolo del polimcro; (b) I’elffetto del solvente; (c) I’influenza di aicuni fattori operativi.

L’interazione fra i polimeri ed i copulanti studiati dipende sia dal tipo e dal peso molecolare del polimero, sia dal tipo di copulante. In molti casi è stata trovata una concentrazione-soglia di polimero, oltre la quale le interazioni cominciano ad essere rivelabili.

Solventi polari ad azione tensioattiva sembra interagiscano con le catene laterali alifatiche dei copulanti, impedendo che gli aggregati polimcro-copulante possano assumere una forma compatta; invece il preriscaldamento delle soluzioni impedisce la formazione degli aggregati intermolecolari.

E’ stato anche trovato un effetto di invecchiamento dei sistemi studiati, attribuibile a variazioni strutturali e configurazionali intervenute durante il periodo di conservazione.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.