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Original Articles

Direct Observations on the Distribution of Silver Sulphide on Sensitized Emulsion Grains

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Pages 203-207 | Received 25 May 1977, Published online: 22 Jul 2016
 

Abstract

It has been observed that gelatin shells from tabular grains of silver bromide emulsions which have been sulphur sensitized may contain particles having linear dimensions of 3 to 6 nm. It is believed that silver sulphide is an important constituent of these particles since the quantities of such material in shells of different emulsions are related qualitatively to their sensitizer additions, and X-ray microanalysis of individual shells has revealed the presence of sulphur.

From observations on the distribution of particles at moderate and high sensitizer additions it would appear that the sensitizing reaction occurs to a similar extent at a large number of sites which are uniformly distributed over the grain surface and are quite possibly kink sites.

Resume

On a observé que les enveloppes de gélatine des grains tabulaires des émulsions au bromure d’argent sensibilisées par sulfuration peuvent contenir des particules ayant des dimensions linéaires de 3 à 6 nm.

On pense que le sulfure d’argent est un consituant important de ces particules car leur nombre dans les enveloppes de différentes émulsions est relié qualitativement à la quantité de sensibilisatucr ajouté et la microanalyse par rayons-X d’enveloppes individuelles a révélé la présence de soufre.

Il apparaît d’après les observations faites sur la répartition de particules dans des émulsions contenant des quantités modérées ou élevées de sensibilisateur, que la réaction de sensibilisation se produit de façon comparable en un grand nombre de sites qui, répartis uniformément à la surface des grains, sont probablement les ressauts.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurde beobachtet, daß Gelatinehüllen von plättchenförmigen Silberbromidkristallen photographischer Emulsionen nach Schwcfclsensibilisierung Partikel im Größenbereich von 3-6 nm enthielten. Silbersulfid scheint ein wichtiger Bestandteil dieser Partikel zu sein, denn die Menge des in verschiedenen Emulsionen gefundenen Materials hängt von der jeweils zugefügten Sensibilisatormenge ab, und in den einzelen Hüllen konnte die Anwesenheit von Schwefel durch Röntgenmikroanalyse nachgewiesen werden. Aus Beobachtungen über die Verteilung der Partikel bei mäßigen u. hohen Sensibilisatorzugaben geht hervor, daß die Sensibilisierungsreaktion in etwa gleichem Ausmaße an einer großen Anzahl von Stellen stattfindet, die gleichförmig über der Kornoberfläche verteilt sind und möglicherweise die “kink sites” (Fehl-bzw. Anbaustellen an der Kristalloberfläche) darstellen.

Riassunto

E’ stato osservato che le guaine di gelatina che fasciano cristalli tabulari di emulsioni al bromuro d’argento sensibilizzate con zolfo possono contenere particelle con dimensioni lineari di 3 fino a 6 nm.

Si ritiene che il solfuro di argento sia un costituente principale di queste particelle sia perchè le quantità di tale materiale nelle guaine di differenti emulsioni presentano una relazione qualitativa con le aggiunte del loro sensibilizzatore, sia perchè la microanalisi a raggi X delle singole guaine ha rivelato la presenza di zolfo.

Osservando la distribuzione delle particelle per aggiunte medie e alte di sensibilizzatore si ha l’impressione che la reazione di sensibilizzazione abbia luogo in modo simile su un gran numero di punti che sono uniformenente distribuiti sulla superficie del granulo e che con molta probabilità sono i punti d’uscita delle dislocazioni.

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