Notes
1.CitationTyrell, “American Exceptionalism”; CitationMcGerr, “The Price of the ‘New Transnational History’”; and CitationTyrell, “Ian Tyrell Responds.”
2.CitationThelen, “The National and Beyond”; CitationVan der Linden, “Transnationalizing American Labor History.” For a valuable survey on progress in the USA, see CitationTyrell, “Reflections on the Transnational Turn.”
3.CitationBayly, The Birth of the Modern World; CitationReynolds, One World Divisible. Like Eric Hobsbawm's texts culminating with The Age of Extremes, Reynold's work is in a more traditional mould.
4.Citation“AHR Conversation”; CitationCannadine, What is History Now?; and CitationJordanova, History in Practice.
5.CitationIriye and Saunier, The Palgrave Dictionary; CitationIriye, Global and Transnational History; and CitationSaunier, Transnational History.
6.CitationMazlish, “Comparing Global History to World History”; CitationTyrell, “Reflections on the Transnational Turn”; CitationClavin “Defining Transnationalism”; Institute of Social History, www.socialhistory.org/en/research/global-labour-history; and CitationStuchtey and Fuchs, Writing World History.
7.Citation“AHR Conversation”; CitationGreene, “Historians of the World.”
8. The journal International Labor and Working Class History was published from 1976. CitationFink, “Preface.”
9.CitationFink, Workers Across the Americas.
10.CitationLucassen, Global Labour History. The Institute actively encourages collaborative global research in labor history, and the European Social Science History Conference which it organises has, together with its journal, provided a forum for cross-fertilisation of ideas. Van der Linden's transnational travels highlight the benign side of globalisation.
11.Citation“AHR Conversation,” 1446 (Sven Beckert).
12.CitationKirk, MacRaild and Nolan, “Transnational Ideas.”
13. The papers were collected in special editions of Labour History Review (volume 74, no. 3 (2009) and volume 75, no. 1 [2010]) edited by Nolan, MacRaild and Kirk.
14.CitationGreene, “Historians of the World,” 13. The Workers Across the Americas collection illustrates the point with different contributors addressing similar phenomena and making similar points under “global,” “transnational” or “world” rubrics.
15.CitationKirk, MacRaild and Nolan, “Transnational Ideas.”
16.CitationVan der Linden, “The Promise and Challenges,” 62 (italics in original).
17. On the NAFTA controversy, see CitationHartman, NAFTA. On the complex relationship between the commercial and social aspects of Mercosur, see CitationGardini, Origins of Mercosur.
18. See for example CitationHlatshwayo, “Is There Room for International Solidarity”; CitationBuhlungu and Tshogedi, COSATU's Contested Legacy.
19. The barbarism of China's twentieth-century revolutions is portrayed in CitationTaylor, The Generalissimo; CitationDikötter, The Tragedy of Liberation; and CitationDikötter, Mao's Great Famine.
20. To take one example, the ‘Hands off China’ campaign was pushed by the Comintern in Moscow, then allied with Chiang Kai-Shek, but opposed by the Labour Party executive while CPGB proposals for united front work with the ILP on the issue proved in vain. An ephemeral campaign with limited resonance was dropped after Chiang turned on the Communists: CitationThorpe, The British Communist Party and Moscow, 105–6; CitationMacFarlane, The British Communist Party, 178–80.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Richard Croucher
Richard Croucher is Professor of Comparative Employment Relations and Director of Research at Middlesex University Business School, London, UK.
John McIlroy
John McIlroy is a Professor of Employment Relations at Middlesex University Business School, London, UK.