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Abstract
this paper will present some empirical trends concerning the relations between molecular sturcturef and phase transtions of thermotropic liquid crystals, ending up with suggestions for the molecular design of low-melting liquid crystal materials with broad nematic ranges. This involves the following aspects: (1) fact ors inhibiting the appearance of a mesophase, (2) factors leadingf to monotropic mesophases. (3)factors favoring theformation of low-melting liquid crystal materiasl and (4) factors influencing the range of the mesophase.
These factors are not only relatedf to the configuration, conformation, andgeometrical anisotropy of the molecule, but also to the polarity andpolarizability of the molecule.
The mutual effect of the electronic and the stereochemical factors will also be discussed.