Pitch Behavior of the Cholesteric Helix at the Phase Transition Point Cholesteric/Smectic A up to 2500 Bars. Study of Some Cholesteryl n-Alkanoates

Abstract

Experimental evidence is given, for the first time, for a finite pitch of the cholesteric helix at the phase transition point cholesteric/smectic A (Ch/S_A). This finite pitch changes into an infinite one at a given point on the phase equilibrium line Ch/S_A. Therefore this point is called the pitch infinity point (PIP).

With increasing n-alkyl chain length of the investigated cholesteryl n-alkanoates the pressure coordinate of the PIP is shifted to higher values up to a chain length of 13 C atoms. For the alkanoates with 13,15 and 17 C atoms the same PIP pressure of about 1000 bars was determined.

The Ch/S_A phase equilibrium line of the cholesteryl esters could at best be followed up to 2600 bars. The respective transition enthalpies were measured at normal pressure and the corresponding changes in volume calculated by means of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.