Solid State Polycondensation of Precursors of Phenolic Resins

Abstract

Twelve substances derived from phenol or 4-alkylphenol, six of which are precursors of phenolic resins, have been prepared by condensation of the phenol with paraformaldehyde or by further reaction of one of these with the starting phenol. Two cyclic oligomers belonging to the class of calixarenes or cyclophanes have been isolated and characterized. Single crystals of some precursors have been obtained and their crystalline structures have been determined. The thermal decomposition of precursors of phenolic resins have been investigated. Their solid state behaviour and their relative reactivities in acidic and basic conditions have been evaluated. The obtained substances can be considered as important intermediates. They are both sufficiently stable and highly reactive.