Global phase diagrams of binary dipolar fluid mixtures

Abstract

We apply a modified mean-field density functional theory to determine the phase behaviour of binary mixtures of Stockmayer fluids whose spherical constituents interact according to Lennard-Jones (LJ) pair potentials with embedded pointlike dipole moments. On the basis of systematic numerical calculations we construct the global phase diagrams of these systems in the three-dimensional thermodynamic space of temperature, pressure and chemical potential difference of the two components. The vapour–liquid, isotropic liquid–isotropic liquid, isotropic liquid–ferromagnetic liquid and ferromagnetic liquid–ferromagnetic liquid first-order phase separations are investigated. The loci of the second-order isotropic fluid–ferromagnetic fluid transition are calculated from Landau theory. Liquid–vapour and liquid–liquid critical lines, tricritical lines, triple lines and lines of critical end points of the binary Stockmayer mixtures are also determined. We discuss how the topology of the phase diagrams changes upon varying the strengths of the two dipole moments of the two species as well as their sizes.

Acknowledgment

In particular on this occasion, it is a pleasure for SD to thank Benjamin Widom for many years of sharing his expertise and conceptual clarity in statistical physics and for enjoying his personal warmth.