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SUMMARY
This study involves a thorough investigation of the above genera, including a detailed analysis of their peridial features, which link them with the Lycoperdales. The genus Pila was erected by Spegazzini in 1921 and has not been recognized in the past, notwithstanding its striking characters. It was based on Mycenastrum fragile Lèv. and a new name, Gastropila, is proposed for it, since Pila is a prior homonym for a fossil member of the Chlorophyceae. Lanopila and Mycenastrum are widely distributed throughout southern South America, and information on their anatomy is included.