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ABSTRACT
A sclerotium-forming fungus from wildrice was identified as Sclerotium hydrophilum, a species occurring on a wide range of temperate and tropical aquatic macrophytes. Twelve new hosts or substrates are reported. Basidiomycete affinities were revealed by TEM. On Zizania aquatica and Oryza sativa, S. hydrophilum is frequently associated with Sclerotium oryzae. The sclerotia of these two organisms are readily distinguishable morphologically and anatomically but size alone is not a reliable diagnostic character. Doassansia zizaniae and Sclerotium zizaniae should be rejected as nomina confusa.