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ABSTRACT
The relative proportions of various lipid classes and the fatty acid composition of extramatrical structures (azygospores and auxiliary cells) of Gigaspora margarita and intramatrical structures of Glomus intraradices (spores), G. versiforme (vesicles) and G. vesiculiferum (vesicles) were measured. The most abundant lipid classes in all structures, except in auxiliary cells, were triacylglycerides followed by free fatty acids. In auxiliary cells of G. margarita, free fatty acids were the principal lipid class followed by the triacylglycerides. Glycolipids were detected, in minor quantities, only in azygospores of G. margarita and intramatrical spores of G. intraradices. There were qualitative and quantitative differences in the fatty acid composition among all VAM structures. The predominant fatty acids in extramatrical structures of G. margarita were 18:1 and 16:0, while in the three Glomus species they were 16:1 and 16:0. Both isomers of linolenic acid (18:3 Δ6, 9, 12 and 18:3 Δ9, 12, 15) and nonadecanoic acid (19:0) were present in all structures analysed. In addition, various ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturates were found in different VAM structures. These patterns suggest that VAM fungi have closer links with protoctistan fungi than with Zygomycetes.