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Abstract
Thirty strains of Xylaria cubensis isolated from leaves of the Brazilian rainforest palm Euterpe oleracea were compared by means of somatic incompatibility tests and gel electrophoretic analysis in order to gain further insights into their population dynamics. Five enzyme systems were used to assess genetic variability. Isozyme results showed that somatically compatible isolates do not necessarily have the same phenotype. Comparison of isozyme banding patterns revealed a relatively high degree of genetic diversity within populations of X. cubensis, suggesting that E. oleracea leaves are subjected to a constant immigration of fungal inoculum. This genetic diversity is presumably the result of sexual reproduction and consequently development of new genotypes of X. cubensis in the forest surrounding the palms.