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Abstract
Eleven species of gut fungi and one protist are reported from the Valdivia region of southern Chile from lotic larvae of Diptera [Ceratopogonidae (biting midges), Chironomidae (nonbiting midges), Simuliidae (blackflies), Tipulidae (craneflies)] and Ephemeroptera [Baetidae (mayflies)]. Five are new species of Harpellales (Zygomycota: Trichomycetes): Harpella meridianalis, Smittium cylindrosporum, Sm. imitatum, Sm. simulatum, and Stachylina ceratopogonidarum. One is a new species of Amoebidiales, Paramoebidium grande. The three new species of Smittium were cultured axenically, and isozyme analyses indicated they are clearly distinct from other cultured species of Smittium, even though Sm. imitatum and Sm. simulatum are indistinguishable on the basis of trichospore morphology from two widely distributed species, Sm. simulii and Sm. culicis, respectively. Four of six previously known species collected in Chile had been found prior to this study only in the Northern Hemisphere.