Adventurous cuisine in Laos: Hebeloma parvisporum, a new species in Hebeloma section Porphyrospora

ABSTRACT

Hebeloma parvisporum is described as new and placed within H. sect. Porphyrospora. This mushroom is sold as an edible in markets of Laos under the local name “wai khom.” Hebeloma sect. Porphyrospora is discussed and expanded to include the species formerly included in the genus Anamika and recently transferred to Hebeloma. Hebeloma sect. Porphyrospora currently comprises 16 species, 14 of which are known only from the western Pacific and Indian subcontinent. All species in this section share the character of having red-brown spores when fresh, atypical for other sections of Hebeloma, which causes the lamellae to be red-brown. However, this red-brown color fades when the material is dried. The close links, morphologically and molecularly, between H. parvisporum and other members of H. sect. Porphyrospora, particularly H. victoriense, are shown.

KEYWORDS:

• Agaricales
• Anamika
• Basidiomycota
• ectomycorrhizal fungi
• edibility
• 1 new taxon

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are very much obliged to A. Bogaerts and P. Ballings of the Botanic Garden Meise (BR) for help with handling various loans from a variety of herbaria. We also thank these herbaria for their help: C, BRI, HKAS, HNL, HO, IB, M, MEL, PDD, PERTH, TNS, TURA, and UTC. We also thank P. Ardron, J. M. Barrasa, M. L. Beker, R. Booth, F. D. Calonge, E. Campo, A. Cooper, P. Cullington, L. Davies, F. Esteve, P. I. Forster, G. Gates, D. Ghyselinck, A. Gonzalez, D. Grootmyers, A. de Haan, C. Hobart, T. Jimenez, U. Kawasaki, K. Kokkonen, B. Kropp, P. Leonard, D. Lewis, X. Llimona, F. Prieto, R. M. Robinson, L. Samson, R. H. Smith, M. Theiss, J. Vauras, J. Vila, and Z. L. Yang for supplying us with interesting and exciting Hebeloma collections. We thank G. Walther and M. Weiß for supplying us with a DNA extract of Flammula alnicola. The ITS sequence was obtained within the German Barcode of Life (GBOL) project, supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF FKZ 01LI1501l) as research for sustainable development (FONA; http://www.fona.de). We thank L. Davies for her assistance in finding out about and obtaining necessary permissions. We are indebted to the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and to K. Phimmakong from the Ministry of Science and Technology for giving us the permission to sequence Laotian material of Hebeloma. We thank the reviewers and the editor for their helpful comments and suggestions.

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