The beginning of geography didactics in Norway

Abstract

At the end of the 19th century geography became a mandatory subject in primary and secondary schools in Norway. Geography was seen as a useful subject that contributed to the modernization of society, but also as a subject that strengthened the national ideology. A need for better education in geography arose and consequently some authors of geography textbooks wrote about teaching geography. In order to strengthen teachers’ education, geography was taught at university level, and to develop the subject it became necessary to relate it to other subjects, especially geology. The author shows that there are several similarities between the content of geography taught in Norwegian schools in the late 19th century and geography taught in schools today.

Keywords:

• Aksel Arstal
• geography didactics
• geography textbooks
• Hans Reusch
• history of geography

Notes

1. All translations have been made by the author.