Investigation and Analysis of Thermoelectrically Cooled CZT Performance

Abstract

Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) spectrometers have been considered for objectives and missions with variable ambient temperatures. Spectrometer-grade crystals of various sizes have been studied under conditions as low as −40°C for 2 × 2 × 2 and 5 × 5  × 2-mm³ crystals, and −10°C for 5 × 5 × 5-mm³ crystals for resolution improvement spanning 5.9-, 59.5-, and 122-keV photo peak energies. It is unclear from previously published data if cooling the spectrometer-grade crystals beyond −10°C results in increased resolution improvement or if the effect occurs with higher-energy photo peaks and trends among multiple crystals from the same manufacturer. Therefore, we acquired two CZT crystals from Kromek and cooled them in an insulated box to −25°C. Our measurements were performed every 5°C, and tested with ²⁴¹Am or ²⁴¹Am/¹⁵²Eu mixed sources. The ²⁴¹Am peaks were compared for both crystals, and the higher-energy resolution changes were explored using the mixed source.

Overall, at 59.5 keV, both crystals yielded 3% to 4% resolution improvement for the cooling cycle and 6% improvement during the warming cycle. Resolution performance varied between the two tested crystals, and each had a different temperature where we observed optimum resolution. The 121.8-keV peak resolution improved by 1.2% for the cooling cycle and 3.6% for the warming cycle. There were no discernable resolution increases or changes for the two higher-energy peaks, 224.7 and 334.3 keV, respectively. Slight cooling of the CZT crystals can increase resolution performance by 4% in the lower-energy region.

Keywords:

• Thermoelectric cooling
• cadmium zinc telluride
• gamma spectrometry, adjoint

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.